5% Historical development, historical elements, significant influences, significant people20% Counselor roles and functions, counseling as a profession, role expectations in different counseling settings, professional associations, consultation, group approaches, family counseling, self-help groups19% The counseling relationship, verbal and nonverbal behavior, personal characteristics, lifestyles, and capabilities, authenticity, empathy, and confidentiality, ethical and legal issues19% Theoretical approaches to counseling, psychodynamic, humanistic and phenomenological, cognitive-behavioral systems15% Social and cultural foundations, multicultural issues (e.g., religion, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic), discrimination issues (e.g., gender, age, sexual orientation, people with disabilities), societal concerns (e.g., substance abuse, person abuse, stress, violence)8% Career development, theories, decision making, information sources, 8% Human growth and development, personal development, social development6% Assessment and appraisal techniques, testing, measurement